Just to the west of Hornsby, a northern suburb of Sydney, is Old Mans Valley. One might reasonably assume that the name was inspired by an old man once living there. It would have had its share of old men, as does anywhere else. In Old Mans Valley an occasional black wallaby is to be seen, and the name might actually relate to kangaroos.
In some Aboriginal languages there is a connection between words for ‘man’ and ‘kangaroo‘ — especially male kangaroos.
The by now fairly well-known word koori signifies Aboriginal people. It comes from the northward of Sydney.
Australian | respelt | English | EngJSM | source |
"kůri" | guri | "man, mankind" | man | Tkld/Frsr AWA 1892 [9:17] [Awa] [nsw] [1834] |
"Kooree" | guri | "Blackfellow" | man | Tkld KRE c.1835 [137:10.1] [Kre] [nsw] [c.1835] |
TABLE 1 gari / guri: ‘man’ [Newcastle region, NSW]
From the same area come the following ‘kangaroo’ records:
"Kari" | gari | "kangaroo" | kangaroo | Tkld/Frsr AWA 1892 [136:7.31] [Awa] [nsw] [] |
"Kārree" | gari | "[Come and look out Kangaroo]" | kangaroo | Tkld KRE c.1835 [139:24.1] [Kre] [nsw] [c.1835] |
"[kāriāggō]" | gariya-gu | "[Kangaroo heard me]" | kangaroo -ERG | Tkld KRE c.1835 [133:23.3] [Kre] [nsw] [c.1835] |
TABLE 2 gari / guri: ‘kangaroo’ [Newcastle region, NSW]
Sydney word lists also provide corresponding examples for each of ‘man’ and ‘kangaroo’:
"kure" | guri | "man" | man | Hale SYD [:480:19.2] [Syd] [NSW] [1839] |
"gōreā" | guriya | "kangaroo (red)" | kangaroo red | KAOL Rowley GeoR [:104:9] [DG] [NSW] [1875] |
TABLE 3 gari / guri: ‘man’ and ‘kangaroo’ [Sydney region]
For the ‘old man’ idea, also from Sydney, are the following, the last three coming from the First Fleet days:
"kao-wālgōŋ" | gawal-gang | "kangaroo (old man)" | kangaroo [big]-agent | AL&T Rowley GeoR [:259:2] [DG] [NSW] [1878] |
"Kowalgang (m)" | gawal-gang | "Elder brother" | senior [big]-agent | Dawes (b) [b:20:9.1] [BB] [NSW] [1790-91] |
"Cowull" | gawal | "Male of animals" | male | King MS [:398:13] [BB] [NSW] [1790] |
"Cow-ul" | gawul | "Male of animals" | male | Collins 1 [1:509.1:27] [BB] [NSW] [1798] |
TABLE 4 gawal(gang): ‘older male’ and ‘older male kangaroo’ [Sydney region]
Perhaps the strongest links between words for ‘man’ and ‘kangaroo’ come from south-west Western Australia:
"yongar" | yunga | "blackfellow" | man | [8] Salvado 1851 [:218:28] [Ywt] [WA] [1851] |
"yoongar" | yunga | "The Blacks" | man | Curr 1 #20 Parker [1:340.1:23] [Wjk] [WA] [1886] |
TABLE 5 yunga / yanga: ‘man’ [South-west WA]
"{younger, youngar, yongah}" | yunga | "{kangaroo}" | kangaroo | [20] Hassell, Ethel [:301:25.3] [Krng] [WA] [c.1870] |
"yongar" | yunga | "kangaroo, male" | kangaroo male | [8] Salvado 1851 [:302:14] [Ywt] [WA] [1851] |
TABLE 6 yunga / yanga: ‘kangaroo’ [South-west WA]
The following south-west WA example, in Yongerloeelkerup exhibits a doubtful transcription:
"Yongerloeelkerup" | yungalu wilgarab | "A plain where the kangaroos dance" | kangaroo-xxx ochre-place of | SofM 19000322 [26: Forest–Premier] [:27.2:31] [Nyga] [WA] [1900] |
"Boylgerup" | bulga-rab | "A large plain" | plain | SofM 19000322 [26: Forest–Premier] [:26.1:19] [Nyga] [WA] [1900] |
TABLE 7 yunga / yanga: ‘kangaroo’ [South-west WA]
The second part of the word might really have been boylgerup rather than loeelkerup (as shown above), especially as words beginning with ‘l’ [ell] do not occur in most Aboriginal languages.
Finally, there is the WA place name Ongerup. As many Aboriginal languages also do not have words beginning with a vowel, the missing initial consonant might have been /w/, /y/ or /ng/. /y/ is assumed for this example.
"{ongerup (gnongerin)}" | yunga-rab | "{kangaroo lying down}" | kangaroo | [11 (a)] Hassell, A.A. {:302:35.1] [Grng] |
"ONGERUP" | yunga-rab | "...from \"yonger\", ... the male kangaroo, and means \"place of the male kangaroo\"." | kangaroo | <http://www.albanyaustralia.com/history.htm#up> [::] [Krng] [WA] [] |
TABLE 8 yunga / yanga: ‘kangaroo’ [South-west WA]
The ending -up [-ab], common in south-west WA place names, signifies ‘place of’.
Conclusion
Old Mans Valley in Hornsby might more properly have been named ‘Old-Man-Kangaroo Valley’.
JEREMY STEELE
Monday 16 May 2016